Iyo mbiri-beam welding nzira inokurudzirwa, kunyanya kugadzirisa kuchinjika kwelaser weldingkuunganidza kurongeka, kuvandudza kugadzikana kweiyo welding process, uye kuvandudza kunaka kweweld, kunyanya kune yakaonda plate welding uye aluminium alloy welding. Kaviri-beam laser welding inogona kushandisa nzira dzemaziso kuparadzanisa laser imwechete kuita matanda maviri akapatsanurwa echiedza chewelding. Inogona zvakare kushandisa maviri akasiyana marudzi e lasers kusanganisa, CO2 laser, Nd: YAG laser uye yakakwirira-simba semiconductor laser. inogona kusanganiswa. Nekuchinja danda resimba, nzvimbo yedanda, uye kunyange simba rekugovera maitiro ematanda maviri, tembiricha yewelding inogona kugadziridzwa zviri nyore uye zviri nyore, ichichinja kuvepo kwemaitiro emakomba uye kuyerera kweiyo simbi yemvura mudziva rakanyungudutswa. , kupa mhinduro iri nani kune welding process. Iyo yakakura nzvimbo yesarudzo haina kuenzaniswa nesingle-beam laser welding. Haisi chete ine mabhenefiti eiyo hombe laser welding kupinda, kukurumidza kukurumidza uye yakanyanya kurongeka, asi zvakare ine hukuru hwekuchinjika kune zvinhu uye majoini ayo akaoma kupinza neyakajairwa laser welding.
Nheyo yekaviri-beam laser welding
Kaviri-beam welding zvinoreva kushandisa maviri laser matanda panguva imwe chete panguva welding process. Kurongeka kwedanda, nzvimbo yedanda, kona pakati pematanda maviri, chinzvimbo chekutarisa uye chiyero chesimba chematanda maviri ese akakodzera marongero mune kaviri-beam laser welding. parameter. Kazhinji, panguva yekugadzira welding, pane kazhinji nzira mbiri dzekuronga matanda maviri. Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo, imwe inorongwa mumutsara pamwe chete negwara rekushongedza. Urongwa uhwu hunogona kuderedza kutonhora kwedziva rakanyungudutswa. Inoderedza kuomarara maitiro e weld uye chizvarwa chepores. Imwe yacho ndeyekuronga iwo padivi nepadivi kana kuchinjika pamativi ese e weld kuvandudza kuchinjika kune weld gap.
Kaviri danda laser welding musimboti
Kaviri-beam welding zvinoreva kushandisa maviri laser matanda panguva imwe chete panguva welding process. Kurongeka kwedanda, nzvimbo yedanda, kona pakati pematanda maviri, chinzvimbo chekutarisa uye chiyero chesimba chematanda maviri ese akakodzera marongero mune kaviri-beam laser welding. parameter. Kazhinji, panguva yekugadzira welding, pane kazhinji nzira mbiri dzekuronga matanda maviri. Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo, imwe inorongwa mumutsara pamwe chete negwara rekushongedza. Urongwa uhwu hunogona kuderedza kutonhora kwedziva rakanyungudutswa. Inoderedza kuomarara maitiro e weld uye chizvarwa chepores. Imwe yacho ndeyekuronga iwo padivi nepadivi kana kuchinjika pamativi ese e weld kuvandudza kuchinjika kune weld gap.
Kune tandem-yakarongeka dual-beam laser welding system, kune matatu akasiyana emagetsi masisitimu zvichienderana nenhambwe pakati pembiru dzemberi nekumashure, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi.
1. Murudzi rwekutanga rwekugadzira welding, chinhambwe pakati pematanda maviri echiedza chakakura. Rimwe danda rechiedza rine simba guru guru uye rinotarisa pamusoro pebasa rekushanda kuti ribudise makiyi muwelding; imwe mwenje wechiedza ine diki simba density. Inoshandiswa chete senzvimbo yekupisa ye pre-weld kana post-weld kupisa kurapwa. Uchishandisa iyi welding masisitimu, mwero wekutonhora wedziva rekutsvedza unogona kudzorwa mukati meimwe nhanho, izvo zvinobatsira pakutungidza zvimwe zvinhu zvine high crack senitivity, senge yakakwira kabhoni simbi, alloy simbi, nezvimwewo, uye zvakare inogona kuvandudza kuoma. ye weld.
2. Murudzi rwechipiri rwemagetsi ekugadzira, nhambwe yekutarisa pakati pematanda maviri emwenje idiki. Iwo maramba maviri emwenje anoburitsa makiyi maviri akazvimirira mudziva rekukweshesa, iro rinoshandura mafambiro emvura yesimbi uye inobatsira kudzivirira kubatwa. Inogona kubvisa kuitika kwehurema hwakadai semipendero uye weld bead bulges uye kugadzirisa weld kuumbwa.
3. Murudzi rwechitatu rwemagetsi ekugadzira, kureba pakati pematanda maviri echiedza kuduku zvikuru. Panguva ino, mirazvo miviri yemwenje inoburitsa kiyi imwechete mudziva rewelding. Kuenzaniswa ne-single-beam laser welding, nekuti iyo kiyi hole saizi inova yakakura uye haisi nyore kuvhara, iyo welding maitiro akanyanya kugadzikana uye gasi riri nyore kubudisa, izvo zvinobatsira kudzikisa pores uye spatter, uye kuwana inoenderera, yunifomu uye mawelds akanaka.
Munguva yewelding process, iwo maviri laser matanda anogona zvakare kugadzirwa pane imwe kona kune mumwe nemumwe. Iyo welding mechanism yakafanana neparallel double beam welding mechanism. Mhedzisiro yebvunzo inoratidza kuti nekushandisa maOO maviri epamusoro-simba ane kona ye30 ° kune mumwe nemumwe uye chinhambwe che1 ~ 2mm, iro laser beam rinogona kuwana kiyi yakaita sefunnel. Iyo keyhole saizi yakakura uye yakagadzikana zvakanyanya, iyo inogona kunyatso kuvandudza kunaka kwewelding. Mumashandisirwo anoshanda, kusanganisa kusanganisa kwemavara maviri echiedza kunogona kushandurwa zvinoenderana neakasiyana welding mamiriro kuti awane akasiyana welding maitiro.
6. Implementation nzira ye double-beam laser welding
Kutorwa kwematanda akapetwa kaviri kunogona kuwanikwa nekusanganisa maviri akasiyana laser matanda, kana imwe laser danda inogona kukamurwa kuita maviri laser matanda ewelding uchishandisa optical spectrometry system. Kupatsanura danda rechiedza kuita maviri anoenderana laser matanda emasimba akasiyana, spectroscope kana imwe yakakosha optical system inogona kushandiswa. Mufananidzo wacho unoratidza dhiyagiramu miviri yemisimboti yekutsemura mwenje uchishandisa magirazi anotarisisa sematanda anopatsanura.
Uye zvakare, chiratidziro chinogona zvakare kushandiswa sedanda rakapatsanurwa, uye yekupedzisira ratidziro munzira yemaziso inogona kushandiswa sedanda rakapatsanura. Rudzi urwu rwekuratidzira runodaidzwawo kuti denga-mhando reflector. Nzvimbo yaro inopenya haisi nzvimbo yakati sandara, asi ine ndege mbiri. Mutsara wemharadzano wezvikamu zviviri zvinoratidzira zviri pakati pegirazi repamusoro, rakafanana nedenga redenga, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo. Chiedza chechiedza chakafanana chinopenya pa spectroscope, chinoratidzwa nendege mbiri pamakona akasiyana kuti dziumbe mirazvo miviri yechiedza, uye inopenya panzvimbo dzakasiyana dzegirazi rinotarisa. Mushure mekutarisa, matanda maviri echiedza anowanikwa pane imwe chinhambwe pamusoro peiyo workpiece. Nekuchinja kona pakati pezviviri zvinotaridza nzvimbo uye chinzvimbo chedenga, patsanura mwenje matanda ane akasiyana ekutarisa madaro uye marongero anogona kuwanikwa.
Paunenge uchishandisa marudzi maviri akasiyana eLaser matanda to gadzira danda rakapetwa, kune akawanda masanganiswa. Iyo yepamusoro-mhando CO2 laser ine Gaussian simba rekugovera inogona kushandiswa kune chikuru welding basa, uye semiconductor laser ine rectangular simba kugovera inogona kushandiswa kubatsira mubasa rekupisa kupisa. Kune rumwe rutivi, kusanganiswa uku kunowedzera mari. Kune rumwe rutivi, simba rezviedza zviviri zvechiedza rinogona kugadziriswa zvakasununguka. Kune akasiyana majoini mafomu, inogadziriswa tembiricha munda inogona kuwanikwa nekugadzirisa inopindirana chinzvimbo chelaser uye semiconductor laser, iyo yakanyatsokodzera welding. Process control. Uye zvakare, YAG laser uye CO2 laser inogona zvakare kusanganiswa kuita kaviri danda rekushongedza, inoenderera mberi laser uye pulse laser inogona kusanganiswa kune welding, uye yakanangwa danda uye defocused danda rinogona zvakare kusanganiswa kune welding.
7. Nheyo yekaviri-beam laser welding
3.1 Double-beam laser welding yemarata ane galvanized
Galvanized steel sheet ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa zvinhu muindasitiri yemotokari. Kunyunguduka kwesimbi kunosvika 1500°C, ukuwo kuvira kwezinc kunongova 906°C. Nokudaro, kana uchishandisa nzira yekubatanidza welding, yakawanda ye zinc vapor inowanzogadzirwa, zvichiita kuti nzira yekugadzira irege kugadzikana. , kugadzira pores mu weld. Kune majoini epamakumbo, kuvhuvhuta kwechigadziko che galvanized hakungoitike chete pamusoro nepamusoro pepasi, asi kunoitikawo panzvimbo yakabatana. Panguva yekugadzira, zinki mhute inokurumidza kubuda kunze kwemvura yakanyungudutswa mune dzimwe nzvimbo, nepo kune dzimwe nzvimbo zvakaoma kuti zinc mhute ibude kubva mudziva rakanyungudutswa. Pamusoro pedziva, welding quality haina kugadzikana.
Kaviri-beam laser welding inogona kugadzirisa iwo welding quality matambudziko anokonzerwa ne zinc vapor. Imwe nzira ndeyekudzora nguva yekuvapo uye mwero wekutonhora kwedziva rakanyungudutswa nekuenzanisa zvine mutsindo simba rematanda maviri kufambisa kubuda kwemhute yezinki; imwe nzira ndeye Kusunungura zinc vapor ne pre-punching kana grooving. Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 6-31, CO2 laser inoshandiswa kugadzira. Iyo YAG laser iri pamberi pe CO2 laser uye inoshandiswa kuchera makomba kana kucheka magiro. Iwo maburi kana magroove akafanogadziridzwa anopa nzira yekupukunyuka yezinc mhute inogadzirwa panguva yaitevera welding, ichidzivirira kuti isarambe iri mudziva rakanyungudutswa uye kugadzira hurema.
3.2 Double-beam laser welding yealuminium alloy
Nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwekuita maitiro ealuminium alloy zvinhu, pane zvinotevera zvinonetsa pakushandisa laser welding [39]: aruminiyamu alloy ine yakaderera absorption rate yelaser, uye yekutanga reflectivity ye CO2 laser beam surface inopfuura 90%; aluminium alloy laser welding seams zviri nyore kugadzira Porosity, kuputika; kutsva kwealloy elements panguva yekuputika, nezvimwewo Paunenge uchishandisa single laser welding, zvakaoma kumisa keyhole uye kuchengetedza kugadzikana. Kaviri-beam laser welding inogona kuwedzera saizi yekiyi hole, zvichiita kuti zviome kuti kiyi ivhare, iyo inobatsira kuburitsa gasi. Inogonawo kuderedza kutonhora uye kuderedza kuitika kwe pores uye welding cracks. Sezvo magadzirirwo emagetsi akanyanya kugadzikana uye kuwanda kwe spatter kwakadzikira, iyo weld surface shape inowanikwa nekaviri-beam welding yealuminium alloys zvakare iri nani zvakanyanya kupfuura iyo yesing-beam welding. Mufananidzo 6-32 inoratidza kutaridzika kweiyo weld seam ye3mm gobvu aluminium alloy butt welding uchishandisa CO2 single-beam laser uye kaviri-beam laser welding.
Tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti kana welding 2mm gobvu 5000 akatevedzana aruminiyamu alloy, kana chinhambwe chiri pakati pematanda maviri chiri 0.6 ~ 1.0mm, iyo welding process inenge yakatsiga uye kuvhurwa kwegomba rekiyi kwakakura, izvo zvinoita kuti pave evaporation uye kupukunyuka kwemagnesium panguva. iyo welding process. Kana chinhambwe pakati pematanda maviri chakanyanya kudiki, iyo welding process yedanda rimwe chete haizogadzikana. Kana chinhambwe chakanyanya kukura, kupinza kwewelding kuchakanganiswa, sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 6-33. Mukuwedzera, iyo simba reshiyo yematanda maviri anewo simba guru pane welding quality. Kana matanda maviri ane spacing ye 0.9mm akarongwa munhevedzano yewelding, simba redanda rekare rinofanira kuwedzerwa zvakakodzera kuitira kuti reshiyo yesimba yematanda maviri pamberi uye mushure ihombe kupfuura 1: 1. Izvo zvinobatsira kuvandudza mhando yewelding seam, kuwedzera nzvimbo yekunyungudika, uye uchiri kuwana yakatsetseka uye yakanaka welding seam kana kumhanya kwewelding kwakakwira.
3.3 Double beam welding yemapureti akobvu asina kuenzana
Mukugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri, zvinowanzodikanwa kupinza mahwendefa maviri kana anopfuura esimbi ehukobvu hwakasiyana uye maumbirwo kuti agadzire ndiro yakapetwa. Kunyanya mukugadzirwa kwemotokari, kushandiswa kwemavara-akaiswa welding ari kuramba achipararira. Nekushongedza mahwendefa ane akasiyana dhizaini, pamusoro pekuisa kana zvivakwa, simba rinogona kuwedzerwa, zvinodyiwa zvakaderedzwa, uye mhando kuderedzwa. Laser welding yemapuleti ehukobvu hwakasiyana inowanzo shandiswa mupanera welding. Dambudziko guru nderekuti mahwendefa ekuti welded anofanirwa kugadzirwa nepamusoro-chaiyo mipendero uye ive nechokwadi chepamusoro-chaizvo gungano. Kushandiswa kwekaviri-beam welding yeasina kuenzana ukobvu mahwendefa anogona kuenderana nekuchinja kwakasiyana mumaplate gap, butt joints, ukobvu hwehama uye plate zvinhu. Inogona weld mahwendefa ane hombe mupendero uye gap kushivirira uye kuvandudza welding kumhanya uye weld mhando.
Iwo main process parameters yeShuangguangdong's welding yeakaenzana ukobvu mahwendefa anogona kukamurwa kuita welding paramita uye maplate paramita, sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo. Welding parameters dzinosanganisira simba rematanda maviri laser, welding speed, focus position, welding head angle, beam rotation angle ye double-beam butt joint and welding offset, etc. , etc. Simba remakumbo maviri e-laser rinogona kugadziriswa zvakasiyana maererano nezvinangwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Nzvimbo yekutarisa inowanzowanikwa pamusoro peplate yakatetepa kuti iwane yakagadzikana uye inobudirira welding process. Iyo welding musoro angle inowanzosarudzwa kuti ive yakapoteredza 6. Kana ukobvu hwemahwendefa maviri akakura, yakanaka welding musoro angle inogona kushandiswa, kureva kuti, laser inorerekera kune ndiro yakaonda, sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo; apo hupamhi hweplate hunenge hudiki, kona yemusoro welding inogona kushandiswa. Iyo welding offset inotsanangurwa sechinhambwe pakati peiyo laser yakatarisa uye kumucheto kweplate gobvu. Nekugadzirisa iyo welding offset, huwandu hweweld dent hunogona kudzikiswa uye yakanaka weld cross-section inogona kuwanikwa.
Kana welding mahwendefa ane mapeji akakura, unogona kuwedzera iyo inoshanda danda kudziyisa dhayamita nekutenderedza kaviri danda angle kuti uwane yakanaka gap yekuzadza kugona. Upamhi hwepamusoro peiyo weld inotarirwa neiyo inoshanda dhayamita dhayamita yeaviri laser matanda, ndiko kuti, kutenderera kona yedanda. Iyo yakakura yekona yekutenderera, iyo yakafara yekudziya huwandu hwekaviri danda, uye yakakura hupamhi hwechikamu chepamusoro cheweld. Iwo maviri laser matanda anoita mabasa akasiyana muwelding process. Imwe inonyanya kushandiswa kupinza musono, nepo imwe yacho inonyanya kushandiswa kunyungudutsa gobvu ndiro zvinhu kuzadza gap. Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo 6-35, pasi peakanaka danda rekutenderera kona (danda remberi rinoshanda pandiro gobvu, danda rekumashure rinobata pane weld), danda remberi rinoitika pandiro gobvu kupisa nekunyungudutsa zvinhu, uye inotevera Iyo laser beam inogadzira kupinda. Iyo yekutanga laser danda kumberi inogona kungonyungudutsa muchidimbu ndiro gobvu, asi inobatsira zvakanyanya kusimba rekushongedza, nekuti haingonyungududzire divi rendiro gobvu kuti rizadzwe zvirinani, asi zvakare inojoinha iyo yakabatana zvinhu kuitira kuti. matanda anotevera Zviri nyore kusungira kuburikidza nemajoini, zvichibvumira kukurumidza kuputika. Mune maviri-beam welding ine negative kutenderera angle (danda remberi rinoshanda pane weld, uye danda rekumashure rinoshanda pandiro gobvu), matanda maviri acho ane chaizvo zvinopesana. Danda rekutanga rinonyungudutsa chibatanidzwa, uye danda rekupedzisira rinonyungudutsa ndiro gobvu kuti rizadze. gap. Muchiitiko ichi, danda rekumberi rinodiwa kuti weld kuburikidza nendiro inotonhora, uye kumhanya kwewelding kunononoka pane kushandisa yakanaka beam rotation angle. Uye nekuda kwepreheating mhedzisiro yedanda rakapfuura, iyo yekupedzisira danda inonyungudutsa yakawanda gobvu ndiro zvinhu pasi pesimba rimwe chete. Muchiitiko ichi, simba rekupedzisira laser beam rinofanira kuderedzwa zvakakodzera. Mukuenzanisa, kushandisa yakanaka beam kutenderera angle kunogona kuwedzera zvakafanira kumhanya kwewelding, uye kushandisa yakashata beam kutenderera angle kunogona kuwana zvirinani gap kuzadza. Mufananidzo 6-36 unoratidza pesvedzero yemakona akasiyana-siyana ekutenderera kwemakona pamuchinjiko-chikamu cheweld.
3.4 Double-beam laser welding yemahwendefa mahombe mahombe Nekuvandudzwa kwelaser simba level uye beam quality, laser welding yemaplate makuru mahombe yave chokwadi. Nekudaro, nekuti epamusoro-simba lasers anodhura uye welding yemapureti akakora kazhinji anoda simbi yekuzadza, pane zvimwe zvinogumira mukugadzirwa chaiko. Iko kushandiswa kweiyo mbiri-beam laser welding tekinoroji haingowedzere simba relaser, asi zvakare kuwedzera iyo inoshanda danda kupisa dhayamita, kuwedzera kugona kunyungudutsa waya yekuzadza, kudzikamisa laser kiyi hole, kunatsiridza kugadzikana kwewelding, uye kunatsiridza welding mhando.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-29-2024
