Hukama huripo pakati pekumhanya kwekupinza welding uye mhando yekupinza welding

Hukama huripo pakati pekumhanya kwekupinza welding uye kunaka kwekupinza weld hunofanira kunzwisiswa nenzira yemutauro uye hapana chinofanira kuregeredzwa. Hunonyanya kuratidzwa muchikamu chekudziya uye chikamu chekunatsa.

1.Chikamu chekudziyisa

Pasi pemamiriro ekushanda kwemapombi emhando yepamusoro-soro akasungirirwa musono, mupendero wepaburi rechinhu chisina chinhu unopiswa kubva pakupisa kwemukamuri kusvika pakupisa kwewelding. Munguva iyi, mupendero wepaburi rechinhu chisina chinhu hauna dziviriro zvachose uye unoonekwa zvachose mumhepo. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kusawirirana kwakanyanya neokisijeni, nitrogen nezvimwe zvinhu zviri mumhepo, zvichiwedzera zvakanyanya nitrogen nemaoxides musono reweld. Zvakayerwa kuti huwandu hwenitrogen musono reweld hunowedzera ne20 kusvika 45 nguva nekuda kweizvozvo. Huwandu hweokisijeni hunowedzerwa neka7 kusvika 35 nguva. Panguva iyi, huwandu hwakawanda hwezvinhu zvakaita semanganese nekabhoni zvinobatsira musono reweld hunopiswa uye hunopera, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwehunhu hwemusono weweld. Kubva pane izvi, zvinogona kuonekwa kuti mupfungwa iyi, kumhanya kwewelding kunononoka, kunaka kwemusono weweld kunoipawo.

Kwete izvozvo chete, kana mupendero wechubhu inodziya usina chinhu wakarebeswa mumhepo kwenguva yakareba, ndiko kuti, kana kumhanya kwewelding kuchinonoka, ma oxide asiri esimbi anogadzirwa padanho rakadzika. Aya ma oxide asiri esimbi akaoma kuburitswa zvachose kubva mumusungo we weld panguva yekubuda kwe crystallization inotevera. Mushure mekuumbwa kwe crystallization, anoramba ari mumusungo we weld muchimiro chezvinhu zvisiri zvesimbi, zvichigadzira interface isina kusimba. Nokudaro zvinoparadza kubatana kwe microstructure ye weld uye kuderedza simba re weld. Kukurumidza kwe welding, nguva ye oxidation ipfupi, uye ma oxide asiri esimbi anogadzirwa, ayo akaganhurirwa kune pamusoro pevhu, anogona kuburitswa zviri nyore kubva mumusungo we weld panguva yekubuda kwe weld inotevera. Hapazoviwo ne residue yakawandisa ye non-metallic oxide mumusungo we weld, uye simba re weld seam rakakwirira.

2. Danho rekuita kristalo

Zvinoenderana nenheyo dze metallography, kuti uwane ma welds ane simba guru, zvakakosha kunatsa tsanga dze weld microstructure zvakanyanya sezvinobvira. Nzira huru yekugadzirisa ndeyekugadzira nhamba yakakwana yema crystal nuclei munguva pfupi, kuitira kuti asvike pamwe chete asati akura zvakanyanya uye maitiro e crystallization apera. Izvi zvinoda kuwedzera kumhanya kwe welding kuti weld seam ibve nekukurumidza munzvimbo yekupisa, kuitira kuti weld seam ikwanise kupenya nekukurumidza padanho guru re subcooling. Kana mwero we undercooling ukawedzera, nucleation rate inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya, nepo kukura kwekukura kuchiwedzera zvishoma, nokudaro zvichizadzisa chinangwa chekuchenesa weld grain.

Saka, kungave kuri kubva padanho rekupisa panguva yekupinza kana kutonhodza mushure mekupinza, zvichienderana nemamiriro ekutanga ekupinza, kumhanya kwekupinza nekukurumidza, kunaka kwemusono wekupinza kunowedzera.

Mavenmuchina wekushongedza werobhoti nelaserilaser yefiber inobatanidza danda relaser rine simba guru nelaser yerobhoti senzvimbo inofamba yekuwelda. Chero nzira yekufamba inogona kuwelda. Muchina wewelda welaser une mabasa akawanda unogona kurongerwa kuti ugone kuwelda zvikamu zvakaoma kuwana nemashini ewelda welaser akajairwa, zvichipa mukana wepamusoro wewelding. Dara relaser rinogona kupatsanurwa nenguva nesimba, zvichigonesa kugadziriswa kwematanda akawanda panguva imwe chete uye kuvandudza kugadzirwa kwewelding.