Munyika dzakabudirira dzine maindasitiri ekugadzira michina yepamusoro, inenge 50% yehuwandu hwese hwezvinhu zvinobuda zvinobva kumakambani ane chekuita nekusonwa. Kuti vawedzere kukwikwidzana pamusika, vagadziri vari kuramba vachida kuti zvigadzirwa zvavo zvibudirire uye mitengo yezvigadzirwa ideredzwe. Kuti vawedzere kushanda zvakanaka kwekusonwa, nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzakadai sekushandisa zviyero zvewelding zvinoshamisa,welding yemhando yehybrid, welding ine waya dzakawanda kana kuti ine arc dzakawanda, uye waya dzewelding dzakavandudzwa dzinogona kushandiswa. Maitiro aya epamusoro ewelding akavandudza zvakanyanya kugadzirwa kwewelding, akawanikwa zvakanyanya, uye akapa mipiro yakakosha kukufambira mberi kwetekinoroji yekuwedera.

Tichipinda muzana remakore rechi21, nekukura kwesainzi netekinoroji nekukurumidza, kusungirirwa kwepamusoro-soro kwave kuchiwedzera kutariswa uye kwave nzira yekufambira mberi mukutsvaga nekushandisa tekinoroji yekusungirirwa mukati menyika nepasi rese. Kare, mukusungirirwa kwepamusoro-soro, kuvandudzwa kwezvinhu zvekusungirirwa ndiko kwaive chinangwa chikuru. Mumakore achangopfuura, kuvandudzwa kwekugadzirisa otomatiki kwekubatanidza kwakakurudzira kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yekusungirirwa kwepamusoro-soro, uye kusungirirwa nekukurumidza kanawelding ine mwero wepamusoro wekudzikisarave gwara rekusimudzira ramangwana. Iyo inonzi "tekinoroji yekushongedza inoshanda zvakanyanya" zvinoreva muunganidzwa wematekinoroji akadai sekushongedza nekukurumidza, kushongedza nekukurumidza, uye kushongedza zvine simba.

(1) Nzira dzekuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kweWelding

Kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira welding kunosanganisira zvinhu zviviri: chimwe ndechekushongedza zvine mwero wepamusoro-soro kwakanangana nekuwedzera mwero wekunyunguduka kwezvinhu zvewelding, izvo zvinoda kunyungudutsa zvinhu zvewelding zvakawanda panguva imwe chete, zvinonyanya kushandiswa pakushongedza maplate akakora, nehuwandu hwekuisa hunosvika 30 kg/awa; chimwe ndechekushongedza zvine mwero wepamusoro-soro kwakanangana nekuwedzera kumhanya kwewelding, uko kunotangira kuwedzera simba rekushongedza uku uchiwedzera kumhanya kwewelding kuchengetedza kupisa kwewelding kusina kuchinja, kunonyanya kushandiswa pakushongedza maplate akatetepa, nekumhanya kwewelding kanenge ka3-8 kupfuura kwewelding yakajairika yeCO₂ gas shielded.

Kubva pane zviri kuitika pari zvino pakutsvaga nekugadzira uye kushandisa michina yekugadzira, kune nzira dzinotevera dzekuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira michina yekuwedera:

• Wedzera kumhanya kwakanyanya kwekunyunguduka kwewaya kuburikidza nekusanganisa kwakasiyana-siyana kwemagasi ekudzivirira kuti uwedzere mwero wekuisa welding.
• Shandisai zvinhu zvinopisa zvehybrid kuti muvandudze mashandiro ewelding, zvakaita se laser-arc hybrid welding, laser-plasma arc hybrid welding, nezvimwewo.
• Shandisa nzira yekudyisa newaya dzakawanda kana yekudyisa newaya dzinopisa kuti uvandudze kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira welding, senge welding ine waya mbiri (kana yakawanda) yegesi, welding ine arc yakawanda, welding ine waya dzinopisa, nezvimwewo.
• Shandisa hunhu hwemakemikari hwakasiyana hwezvinhu zvinoshanda kuti uwedzere kugona kupinda kwearc, kuderedza saizi yeweld cross-sectional, uye kuvandudza mashandiro ewelding, senge A-TIG welding, A-Laser process, nezvimwewo.
• Deredza saizi yemugero kuti uderedze nzvimbo inochinjika weld uye uderedze huwandu hwesimbi yakachengetwa, senge welding yakamanikana.
• Shandisa mafungu chaiwo emagetsi ekuwelda kuti uwedzere kumhanya kwekuwelda.

Parizvino, tsananguro yepasi rose yewelding yesimbi inoshanda zvakanyanya (MAG)(ona DVS-No.0909-1) ndeiyi: kune waya ine dhayamita ye1.2mm, MAG welding ine kumhanya kwekudyisa waya inodarika 15m/min kana chiyero chekuisa chinopfuura 8kg/h inonzi high-efficiency MAG welding. Kushanda zvakanaka kwekuisa chiisa ...

(2) Zvinhu zveMag Welding Zvinoshanda Zvikuru

Parizvino, imwe yenzira dzekuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kweMAG welding, inoshandiswa zvakanyanya ndeyekutsiva waya dzakasimba newaya dzine flux-core yekuwelding. Kushandisa waya dzine simbi dzine upfu hwesimbi kunogona kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekuisa neanopfuura 50% zvichienzaniswa newaya dzakasimba. Pamusoro pezvo, kugadzirisa kuumbwa kwegasi rekudzivirira kunogona kuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka kwekuisa waya.

• Waya dzakasimba dzakakodzera dhayamita ye1.0-1.2mm. Waya dzakatetepa zvakanyanya dzinonetsa kuchinjika kuti dzishandise waya dzinomhanya zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuomarara kwakaringana; nepo waya dzine dhayamita yakakura kupfuura 1.2mm dzisiri nyore kugadzira arc transfer yakagadzikana inotenderera kunyangwe pasi pemagetsi akakwira.
• Waya dzine flux-core dzinogona kushandisa dhayamita ye1.2-1.6mm. Waya dzine flux-core dzese dziri simbi ne slag-forming flux-core dzinogona kuita kuti MAG welding ishande zvakanaka ne parameters hombe dze welding. Kunyanya kune waya dzine simbi, nekuda kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwekuzadza hupfu hwesimbi (kusvika ku45%), kana uchishandisa waya ine dhayamita ye1.6mm ine parameters dze welding dze 380A welding current uye 38V welding voltage, huwandu hwekunyunguduka kwewaya hunogona kusvika 9.6kg/h.

Kutamiswa kwemadonhwe ewaya dzine simbi kwakafanana nekwewaya dzakasimba. Waya dzine flux-core dzinogona kusungirirwa muchimiro chekutamiswa kwe spray uye high-speed short-circuit transfer, asi hazvigone kuburitsa arc transfer inotenderera. Kumhanya kwakanyanya kwewaya dzine rutile flux-core kunogona kusvika 30m/min, uye muganho wepamusoro wekumhanya kwewaya dzine flux-core wires ungangoita 45m/min, nechiyero chekunyunguduka kwewaya chinosvika 20kg/h.

(3) Mhando dzeMadonhwe eKutamisirwa muMag Welding inoshanda zvakanyanya

Mukushandiswa kwemagetsi eMAG, simba remagetsi richikwira, simba remagetsi rinochinja kubva pakuchinja kwemhepo kusvika pakuchinja kwemhepo kusvika pakuchinja kwemvura. Pachishandiswa simba remagetsi, simba remagetsi rinosvika 400A.

Mukushandisa MAG welding ine mwero wepamusoro, nekushandisa zvizere hunhu hwemagasi ekudzivirira ane zvikamu zvakawanda uye kuwedzera waya yekuwedzera, kumhanya kwekunyunguduka kwewaya kunogona kuwedzerwa zvakanyanya muhuwandu hwemagetsi emagetsi emagetsi emagetsi asina kujairika eMAG welding, uye panguva imwe chete, chimiro chekuchinja kwedonhwe remvura chinoshandukawo zvakanyanya. Mafomu ayo ekutanga ndeaya: kuchinjisa kwakajairika kwespray, kuchinjisa kwepfupi kwedunhu nekukurumidza, kuchinjisa spray, uye kuchinjisa kwespray nekukurumidza.

• Arc yekufambisa spray yakajairika: Mumunda wekushongedza nekumhanya kukuru, kumhanya kwekupfapfaidza kwesimbi kunotangira pa 15-20m/min.
• Arc yekufambisa yedhisiki pfupi inomhanyisa: Kutapurirana kwemhepo pfupi-circuit-transfer arc kunowanikwa nekuderedza voltage yekuwelda uye kuwedzera kutambanudza kwakaoma mukati mehuwandu hwekumhanya kwewaya kwe15-20m/min. Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekutambanudza kwakaoma kusvika ku40mm, mugumo wewaya unonyorova uye unotanga kutenderera, nekudzikira kwe1-2mm kubva pa wire axis. Kuguma kwewaya inotenderera kunoita kuti kutapurirana kwemhepo pfupi-circuit kurambe kuripo kumativi ese eweld.
• Arc inotenderera yekufambisa spray: Arc inotenderera inogadzirwa kana tambo yemagetsi yanyoroveswa nemagetsi emagetsi akawanda uye ichitsauswa nesimba remagetsi. Kune waya dzine dhayamita ye1-2mm, kumhanya kwemagetsi emagetsi kunodiwa kusvika 25m/min kana kupfuura, uye simba remagetsi emagetsi emagetsi rakaenzana rinenge 450A. Kutsauka kwese kwetambo yemagetsi kubva patambo yemagetsi imamiriyoni akati wandei, izvo zvinogona kuonekwa neziso rakashama panguva yekusanganisa magetsi.
• Arc yekufambisa spray inomhanyisa: Inoratidzwa nekufambiswa kwemadonhwe neaxial, nekumhanya kwewaya kunodarika 20m/min, uye saizi yemadonhwe inenge yakaenzana nedhayamita yewaya. Kana tichienzanisa nekufambiswa kwemadonhwe neawa imwe neimwe muarc, maitiro aya ane mhedzisiro yakanaka. Maitiro ekuparadzanisa madonhwe anodzokorora nenzira imwecheteyo, uye danda replasma rakatetepa, rakasimba, uye rinopenya ndiro hunhu hwearc yekupfapfaidza inomhanyisa. Kana magumo ewaya akapfava adzika, kureba kwearc kunoderera uye column yearc yeplasma inokura, uye bhiriji remvura rinoumbwa pakati pedroplet yakanyungudutswa nemagumo ewaya. Bhiriji remvura rinogara richimanikidzwa pasi pesimba remagetsi rekugadzirisa, zvichiita kuti arc ikure. Kana bhiriji riri pakati pemagumo ewaya nedroplet rava diki zvakakwana, plasma inoumbwa yakatenderedza bhiriji. Panguva iyo bhiriji rinotyoka, arc yekupfapfaidza inomhanyisa, ichigadzirazve jet yeplasma yakamanikana uye yakabatana. Kune arc yekupfapfaidza inomhanyisa, nekuda kwechimiro chekupinda chakadzika asi chakamanikana, mudzi we weld haugone kuzadzwa zvizere nesimbi yakanyungudutswa.