Kucheka neLaserchikumbiro
Malaser eCO2 anoyerera nekukurumidza anoshandiswa zvakanyanya pakucheka simbi nelaser, kunyanya nekuda kwemhando yavo yakanaka yemwaranzi. Kunyangwe kupenya kwesimbi zhinji kuCO2 laser beams kwakanyanya, kupenya kwesimbi pamusoro pekupisa kwemumba kunowedzera nekuwedzera kwekupisa uye oxidation degree. Kana simbi yakuvara, kupenya kwesimbi kunenge kwava pedyo ne1. Pakucheka simbi nelaser, simba repakati nepakati rinodiwa, uye malaser eCO2 ane simba guru chete ndiwo ane dambudziko iri.
1. Kucheka simbi ne laser
1.1 Kucheka kweCO2 nelaser nguva dzose. Maitiro makuru ekucheka kweCO2 nelaser nguva dzose anosanganisira simba relaser, mhando uye kumanikidzwa kwegasi rekubatsira, kumhanya kwekucheka, nzvimbo yekutarisa, kudzika kwekutarisa uye kukwirira kwemuromo.
(1) Simba reLaser Simba reLaser rine simba guru pakukora kwekucheka, kumhanya kwekucheka uye upamhi hwekucheka. Kana mamwe ma parameter ari akafanana, kumhanya kwekucheka kunoderera nekuwedzera kweukobvu hweplate yekucheka uye kunowedzera nekuwedzera kwesimba relaser. Nemamwe mashoko, simba relaser rakakura, ndiro inogona kuchekwa inokora, kumhanya kwekucheka kunokurumidza, uye upamhi hwekucheka hunokura zvishoma.
(2) Rudzi uye kumanikidzwa kwegasi rekubatsira Pakucheka simbi ine kabhoni shoma, CO2 inoshandiswa segasi rekubatsira kushandisa kupisa kweiron-oxygen combustion reaction kukurudzira maitiro ekucheka. Kumhanya kwekucheka kwakanyanya uye mhando yekucheka kwakanaka, kunyanya kuchekwa kusina slag inonamira kunogona kuwanikwa. Pakucheka simbi isina ngura, CO2 inoshandiswa. Slag iri nyore kunamira pachikamu chezasi chekucheka. CO2 + N2 gasi rakasanganiswa kana kuyerera kwegasi rine layer mbiri kunowanzo shandiswa. Kumanikidzwa kwegasi rekubatsira kune mhedzisiro yakakura pamhedzisiro yekucheka. Kuwedzera kumanikidzwa kwegasi zvakakodzera kunogona kuwedzera kumhanya kwekucheka pasina slag inonamira nekuda kwekuwedzera kwesimba rekufamba kwegasi uye kuvandudzwa kwesimba rekubvisa slag. Zvisinei, kana kumanikidzwa kwakanyanya, nzvimbo yakachekwa inova yakaoma. Mhedzisiro yekumanikidzwa kweokisijeni paavhareji yekuoma kwenzvimbo yakachekwa inoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi.
Kumanikidzwa kwemuviri kunoenderanawo nekukora kweplate. Pakucheka simbi ine kabhoni shoma uchishandisa laser yeCO2 ye1kW, hukama huripo pakati pekumanikidzwa kweokisijeni nekukora kweplate hunoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pazasi.
(3) Kumhanya kwekucheka Kumhanya kwekucheka kune simba guru pamhando yekucheka. Pasi pemamwe mamiriro esimba relaser, kune makodhi anoenderana epamusoro neakaderera ekukurumidzira kwakanaka kwekucheka pakutema simbi ine kabhoni shoma. Kana kumhanya kwekucheka kwakakwira kana kuderera pane kukosha kwekritical, slag inonamira. Kana kumhanya kwekucheka kwanonoka, nguva yekushanda kwekupisa kwe oxidation reaction pamucheto wekucheka yakawedzerwa, hupamhi hwekucheka hunowedzerwa, uye pamusoro pekucheka panowedzera kuomarara. Sezvo kumhanya kwekucheka kuchiwedzera, kuchekwa kunova kutetepa zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika hupamhi hwekucheka kwepamusoro hwakaenzana nedhayamita yenzvimbo yacho. Panguva ino, kuchekwa kwacho kwakaita sewedge zvishoma, kwakafara kumusoro uye kwakatetepa pasi. Sezvo kumhanya kwekucheka kuchiramba kuchiwedzera, hupamhi hwekucheka kwepamusoro hunoramba huchiderera, asi chikamu chezasi chekucheka chinova chakafara uye chinova chimiro chewedge chakapindurwa.
(5) Kudzika kwekutarisa
Kudzika kwekutarisa kune chekuita nehunhu hwenzvimbo yekucheka uye kumhanya kwekucheka. Pakucheka maplate esimbi akakura, danda rine kudzika kukuru kwekutarisa rinofanira kushandiswa; pakucheka maplate matete, danda rine kudzika kudiki kwekutarisa rinofanira kushandiswa.
(6) Kureba kwemumuromo
Kureba kwemuromo kunoreva daro kubva pamucheto wemuromo wegasi unobatsira kusvika pamusoro pechinhu chebasa. Kureba kwemuromo kwakakura, uye simba remhepo inobatsira inoburitswa rinoshanduka-shanduka, izvo zvinokanganisa kunaka kwekucheka nekumhanya. Saka, pakucheka nelaser, kukwirira kwemuromo kunowanzo deredzwa, kazhinji 0.5 ~ 2.0mm.
① Zvinhu zveLaser
a. Wedzera simba relaser. Kugadzira malaser ane simba inzira yakananga uye inoshanda yekuwedzera ukobvu hwekucheka.
b. Kugadziriswa kwepulse. Malaser anoputika ane simba guru uye anogona kupinda mumaplate esimbi akakora. Kushandisa tekinoroji yekucheka kwepulse laser ine frequency yakakwira, yakamanikana, inogona kucheka maplate esimbi akakora pasina kuwedzera simba relaser, uye saizi yekucheka idiki pane yekucheka kwelaser kunoenderera mberi.
c. Shandisa malaser matsva
②Sisitimu yeOptical
a. Sisitimu yekutarisa inochinjika. Musiyano kubva pakucheka kwelaser yechinyakare ndewekuti haifanirwe kuisa focus pasi penzvimbo yekucheka. Kana nzvimbo yekutarisa ichichinja-chinja kumusoro nekudzika kwemamirimita mashoma zvichienderana nekwakakora kweplate yesimbi, kureba kwefocus mu adaptive optical system kuchachinja nekuchinja kwenzvimbo yekutarisa. Kuchinja kwekukwira nekudzika murefu wefocus kunoenderana nekufamba pakati pelaser ne workpiece, zvichiita kuti nzvimbo yekutarisa ichinje kumusoro nekudzika pamwe nekudzika kwe workpiece. Maitiro aya ekucheka umo nzvimbo yekutarisa inochinja nemamiriro ekunze anogona kugadzira kucheka kwemhando yepamusoro. Dambudziko renzira iyi nderekuti kudzika kwekucheka kwakaganhurirwa, kazhinji hakupfuuri 30mm.
b. Tekinoroji yekucheka neBifocal. Lenzi yakakosha inoshandiswa kutarisisa danda kaviri pazvikamu zvakasiyana. Sezvakaratidzwa muMufananidzo 4.58, D ndiyo dhayamita yechikamu chepakati chelenzi uye ndiyo dhayamita yechikamu chemucheto welenzi. Radius yekukombama pakati pelenzi yakakura kupfuura nzvimbo yakapoteredza, zvichiita focus mbiri. Munguva yekucheka, focus yepamusoro iri pamusoro pechinhu chebasa, uye focus yepasi iri pedyo nepamusoro pepachinhu chebasa. Iyi tekinoroji yakakosha yekucheka nelaser ine focus mbiri ine mabhenefiti akawanda. Pakucheka simbi yakapfava, haingogone kuchengetedza danda relaser rakasimba pamusoro pesimbi chete kuti isvike pamamiriro anodiwa kuti chinhu chibatidze, asiwo kuchengetedza danda relaser rakasimba pedyo nepamusoro pepasimbi kuti isvike pazvinodiwa zvekupisa. Kudiwa kwekugadzira kucheka kwakachena muhuwandu hwese hweukobvu hwezvinhu. Tekinoroji iyi inowedzera huwandu hwema parameter ekuwana kucheka kwemhando yepamusoro. Semuenzaniso, kushandisa 3kW CO2. Neraser, ukobvu hwekucheka hwechinyakare hunogona kusvika 15~20mm chete, nepo ukobvu hwekucheka uchishandisa tekinoroji yekucheka yakatarisana nembiri hunogona kusvika 30~40mm.
③Muromo wemhepo uye mhepo yekubatsira
Gadzira nozzle zvine musoro kuti uvandudze hunhu hwemhepo inoyerera. Upamhi hwemadziro emukati menozzle ye supersonic hunotanga hwadzikira hwozokura, izvo zvinogona kugadzira mhepo inoyerera nesimba panzvimbo inobuda. Kumanikidzwa kwemhepo kunogona kunge kwakakwira zvikuru pasina kugadzira mafungu ekuvhunduka. Paunenge uchishandisa nozzle ye supersonic yekucheka ne laser, mhando yekucheka yakanakawo. Sezvo kumanikidzwa kwenozzle ye supersonic pamusoro pebasa kwakadzikama, inonyanya kukodzera kucheka maplate esimbi akakora ne laser.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikunguru-18-2024
