Kudyidzana pakati pelaser uye zvinhu kunosanganisira zvakawanda zvinoitika zvemuviri uye hunhu. Zvinyorwa zvitatu zvinotevera zvichasuma zvinhu zvitatu zvakakosha zvemuviri zvine chekuita nelaser welding process kuitira kuti vape vashandi pamwe nekunzwisisa kwakajeka kweiyo.Laser welding process: yakakamurwa kuva laser absorption rate uye shanduko muhurumende, plasma uye keyhole effect. Panguva ino, isu tichavandudza hukama pakati pekuchinja kwemamiriro e laser uye zvinhu uye chiyero chekunyura.
Kuchinja kwemamiriro ezvinhu kunokonzerwa nekudyidzana pakati pelaser uye zvinhu
Iyo laser processing yesimbi zvinhu inonyanya kuenderana nekupisa kwekugadziriswa kwephotothermal mhedzisiro. Kana laser irradiation ichiiswa kune iyo yepasi pevhu, shanduko dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoitika munzvimbo yepamusoro yezvinhu pane akasiyana simba densities. Shanduko idzi dzinosanganisira kukwira kwekushisa kwepamusoro, kunyungudika, vaporization, keyhole kuumbwa, uye chizvarwa cheplasma. Uyezve, shanduko yemamiriro emuviri wenzvimbo yezvinhu zvakanyanya kukanganisa kunyudzwa kwelaser. Nekuwedzera kwesimba remagetsi uye nguva yekuita, iyo simbi zvinhu zvinozoitika shanduko dzinotevera mudunhu:
Apo iyoLaser simbadensity yakaderera (<10 ^ 4w/cm ^ 2) uye nguva yekuvhenekesa ipfupi, iyo laser simba inotorwa nesimbi inogona kungoita kuti kupisa kwezvinhu kusimuke kubva kumusoro kusvika mukati, asi chikamu chakasimba chinoramba chisingachinji. . Iyo inonyanya kushandiswa kune chikamu annealing uye chikamu shanduko yekuomesa kurapwa, nemidziyo, magiya, uye mabhengi ari mazhinji;
Nekuwedzera kwema laser simba density (10 ^ 4-10 ^ 6w / cm ^ 2) uye kuwedzera kwenguva yeirradiation, pamusoro pezvinhu zvishoma nezvishoma zvinonyunguduka. Sezvo simba rekuisa richiwedzera, iyo liquid-solid interface zvishoma nezvishoma inofamba ichienda kune yakadzika chikamu chechinhu. Iyi yemuviri maitiro inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzirisa pamusoro, alloying, cladding, uye thermal conductivity welding yesimbi.
Nekuwedzera kuwedzera kuwanda kwesimba (> 10 ^ 6w/cm ^ 2) nekurebesa nguva yekuita laser, iyo yepasi haingonyunguduke chete asiwo inonyungudika, uye zvinhu zvakapfava zvinoungana pedyo nepamusoro pezvinhu uye zvisina kusimba ionize kuita plasma. Iyi plasma yakaonda inobatsira zvinhu kutora laser; Pasi pekumanikidzwa kwe vaporization uye kuwedzera, iyo mvura yepamusoro inodzima uye inoita makomba. Iyi nhanho inogona kushandiswa laser welding, kazhinji mune splicing thermal conductivity welding ye micro connections mukati me 0.5mm.
Nekuwedzera kuwedzera simba remagetsi (> 10 ^ 7w / cm ^ 2) uye kuwedzera nguva yekuvhenekera, nzvimbo yepasi inopinda yakasimba vaporization, ichiita plasma ine high ionization degree. Iyi dense plasma ine inodzivirira mhedzisiro pane laser, ichidzikisa zvakanyanya kuwanda kwesimba rechiitiko chelaser muzvinyorwa. Panguva imwecheteyo, pasi pesimba rakakura rekuita mhute, maburi madiki, anozivikanwa semakiyi, anoumbwa mukati mesimbi yakanyungudutswa, Kuvepo kwemakiyi kunobatsira kuti zvinhu zvitore laser, uye nhanho iyi inogona kushandiswa laser yakadzika fusion. welding, kucheka nekuchera, kukanganisa kuomesa, nezvimwe.
Pasi pemamiriro akasiyana, mawavelengths akasiyana e laser irradiation pane akasiyana simbi zvinhu zvinokonzeresa kukosha kwesimba remagetsi padanho rega rega.
Panyaya yekutorwa kwelaser nemidziyo, iyo vaporization yezvinhu muganho. Kana zvinhu zvacho zvisingaite vaporization, ingave iri muchikamu chakasimba kana chemvura, kutora kwayo laser kunongochinja zvishoma nezvishoma nekuwedzera kwekushisa kwepamusoro; Kana zvinhu zvacho zvanyura uye zvoita plasma nemakiyi maburi, kunyudzwa kwelaser kunobva kwachinja.
Sezvinoratidzwa muMufananidzo 2, mwero wekunyudzwa kwelaser pane chinhu chiri pamusoro panguva yekushongedza laser inosiyana nelaser simba density uye tembiricha yepasi. Kana iyo zvinhu zvisina kunyungudutswa, iyo yekunyudza chiyero kune iyo laser zvishoma nezvishoma inowedzera nekuwedzera kweiyo tembiricha yepasi. Kana kuwanda kwesimba kwakakura kupfuura (10 ^ 6w/cm ^ 2), zvinhu zvinonyunguduka zvine chisimba, zvichigadzira buri rekiyi. Iyo laser inopinda mugomba rekiyi yekutarisisa kwakawanda uye kunyura, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwakakosha muyero yekunyudza kwezvinhu kune laser uye nekuwedzera kwakakosha mukudzika kwekunyungudika.
Kutorwa kweLaser neMetal Materials - Wavelength
Mufananidzo uri pamusoro unoratidza hukama pakati pekuratidzira, kunyura, uye wavelength yesimbi dzinowanzo shandiswa patembiricha yekamuri. Munharaunda ye infrared, chiyero chekunyura chinodzikira uye kuratidza kunowedzera nekuwedzera kwewavelength. Masimbi mazhinji anoratidza zvine simba 10.6um (CO2) wavelength infrared mwenje asi isina simba inoratidzira 1.06um (1060nm) wavelength infrared mwenje. Zvishandiso zvesimbi zvine mwero wakakwira wekunyura kweapfupi wavelength lasers, senge bhuruu uye girinhi mwenje.
Kutorwa kweLaser neMetal Materials - Material Temperature uye Laser Energy Density
Kutora aruminiyamu alloy semuenzaniso, kana iyo zvinhu yakasimba, iyo laser absorption rate yakatenderedza 5-7%, iyo mvura yekunyudza mwero inosvika 25-35%, uye inogona kusvika pamusoro pe90% munzvimbo yakakosha.
Iko kunyura kwechinyorwa kune laser kunowedzera nekuwedzera tembiricha. Mwero wekunyudzwa kwezvinhu zvesimbi pane tembiricha yekamuri yakaderera zvakanyanya. Kana tembiricha yakwira kusvika padyo nenzvimbo yakanyungudika, mwero wayo wekutora unogona kusvika 40% ~ 60%. Kana tembiricha iri padyo nenzvimbo yekubikira, chiyero chekutora kwayo chinogona kusvika kusvika pa90%.
Kutorwa kweLaser neMetal Materials - Surface Condition
Chiyero chakajairika chekunyura chinoyerwa pachishandiswa simbi yakatsetseka, asi mukushandiswa kunoshanda kwelaser kudziyisa, zvinowanzodikanwa kuwedzera mwero wekunyudzwa kwezvimwe zvinhu zvinoratidzira zvakanyanya (aluminium, mhangura) kudzivirira kunyungudika kwenhema kunokonzerwa nekufungisisa kwepamusoro;
Nzira dzinotevera dzinogona kushandiswa:
1. Kutora maitiro akakodzera epamberi ekurapa maitiro ekuvandudza kutaridzika kwelaser: prototype oxidation, sandblasting, laser kuchenesa, nickel plating, tin plating, graphite coating, nezvimwewo zvinogona kuvandudza chiyero chekunyudza kwelaser;
Iyo musimboti ndeyekuwedzera kushata kweiyo zvinhu zvepasi (izvo zvinokonzeresa kune akawanda laser kuratidzira uye kunyura), pamwe nekuwedzera iyo yekubikira zvinhu zvine mwero wekunyudza. Nekutora laser simba uye kunyunguduka uye nekuipisa kuburikidza yakakwira yekunyudza chiyero zvinhu, laser kupisa kunopfuudzwa kune base zvinhu kuti ivandudze kunyudzwa kwezvinhu uye kudzikisira iyo chaiyo welding inokonzerwa neakanyanya kuratidza chiitiko.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-23-2023
