I. Kuvandudzwa kweTekinoroji yeWelding:Marobhoti Ekugadzirisa Welding Akangwarasenzira huru yekutungamira
(1) Tekinoroji Yekunamira: Dombo Repamusoro reIndasitiri Yemazuva Ano
Tekinoroji yekuwedera inowana kubatana kwezvinhu neatomu kuburikidza nekupisa kwakanyanya kana kumanikidzwa, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvikamu zvikuru zvakaita semotokari, ndege, uye kuvaka. Kunyatsorongeka kwayo uye kushanda kwayo zvinosarudza zvakananga simba remaumbirwo uye mari yekugadzira zvigadzirwa. Yakarongwa zvichienderana nekupisa uye maitiro, inowira muzvikamu zvitatu: fusion welding, pressure welding, uye brazing. Mumakore achangopfuura, matekinoroji matsva anosanganisira laser welding uye electron beam welding akapfuura nepakati pemiganho yenzira dzechinyakare, achizadzisa zvinodiwa zvekugadzira zvepamusoro.
Marobhoti ekushongedza anosanganisira muviri mukuru (ane maoko erobhoti ane mativi matanhatu sepakati) uye michina yekubatanidza. Nekubatanidza matekinoroji akasiyana-siyana, anogonesawelding otomatiki yakanyatsogadzirwa. Dzichirongwa nemaitiro, dzinosanganisira marobhoti ekugadzirisa mapombi, marobhoti ekugadzirisa mapombi, marobhoti ekugadzirisa mapombi nelaser, nezvimwewo. Pakati peizvi, marobhoti ekugadzirisa mapombi nearc anotora 90% yemugove wemusika, achitonga thin-plate welding muindasitiri yemotokari uye kugadzirwa kwezvikamu zvemota dzemagetsi, 3C electronics, zvichiteerana. Matekinoroji matsva akadai sekugadzirisa mapombi nelaser ari kukurumidza kupinda muzvikamu zvemotokari itsva dzemagetsi nedzemuchadenga.
(2) Tekinoroji Inokurumidza Kukura Yemarobhoti Ekugadzirisa Zvekushongedza Akangwara
Kusiyana nemaitiro e "kudzidzisa-uye-kudzokorora" emarobhoti ekudzidzisa echinyakare, marobhoti ekubatanidza akangwara anobatanidza masensa ekuona/laser uye maalgorithms ehungwaru hwekugadzira kuti awane kuzivikanwa kwesero re weld panguva chaiyo, kugadzira nzira otomatiki, uye kugadzirisa dynamic. Izvi zvinoderedza zvakanyanya kuvimba nebasa remaoko uye zvinowedzera kuchinjika kwekushanda, zvichiita kuti zvive zvakakodzera kuminda isiri yemazuva ese senge magetsi emagetsi akajeka uye zvikamu zvemotokari zvakareruka, pamwe nekugadzira zvinhu zvishoma zvine huwandu hwakawanda.
Sisitimu yakakwana yerobhoti rekugadzirisa zvinhu ine hungwaru inosanganisira sisitimu yekudzora zvinhu ine hungwaru, module yekuona nekutevera maonero, chikuva chekuronga zvinhu pasina internet, uye muviri werobhoti. Zvakanakira zvikuru zviri mukupfupisa mashandiro ekugadzira zvinhu kuburikidza nekushandisa modelling yemamiriro ekunze uye simulation, kugadzirisa nzira dzekugadzirisa zvinhu kuburikidza nekudzidza kwakadzama, uye kuona kuti millimeter-level positioning stability iri kushanda nemasensa akanyatsojeka. Parizvino, zvinhu zvakakosha zvakaita se3D vision-guided teachless operation zvawanikwa. Tekinoroji iyi iri kuchinja kubva pa "semi-autonomous" kuenda ku "full autonomous" mode, uye ichaita kuti pave nekubatana kwemapuratifomu akasiyana-siyana uye kugovana ruzivo rwakavakirwa pamakore mune ramangwana zvichibva pa5G ne edge computing.
II. Kushomeka Kwakanyanya Kwevanowedera: Nzvimbo Yakakura Yemusika Yekuwedera Kwakangwara
(1) Zvinhu Zvinokonzera Kushomeka Kwevanowedera uye Maitiro Azvo Zvinokonzera Kudiwa Kwekutsiva
China iri kutarisana nekushomeka kukuru kwevanowedera. Muna 2024, musiyano wezvinodiwa nevanhu wakasvika mamiriyoni 3.49, kushomeka kwevanowedera vakuru 400,000. Pamusoro pezvo, mamiriro ezera ari kukwegura, nemakore ekupedzisira kwema60 neapfuura makore 70 achive anopfuura 60% yevashandi, nepo makore ekupedzisira ema90 achiumba 13% chete, zvichikonzera dambudziko guru re "musiyano wezvizvarwa". Pamwe chete nenzvimbo yakaoma yekushanda uye njodzi huru dzehutano dzenzvimbo dzekuwedera, vechidiki vari kuramba vachizeza kutora mabasa akadaro, zvichiita kuti pave nekudiwa kukuru kwekutsiviwa kwemarobhoti. Zvichibva pakuverenga kuti robhoti rimwe chete rinogona kutsiva vanowedera 2.5, kudiwa kwemusika kunogona kusvika mamiriyoni 1.4 eyuniti.
Hurumende yagara ichiburitsa mitemo yekukurudzira kufarirwa kwekushandiswa kwesimbi dzesimbi. Kubva pachirongwa chemakore mashanu chegumi nematatu chekuvandudza kugadzirwa kwesimbi dzesimbi kusvika pachirongwa che2024 chekusimudzira kugadzurwa kwemidziyo muchikamu chemaindasitiri, hurongwa hwekutsigira mitemo hwakagadzirwa, huchijekesa hunyanzvi, huchitungamira kugadziridzwa kwemidziyo, uye huchiisa hwaro hwakasimba hwekusimudzira indasitiri.
(2) Kukura Kwemusika Kwakasimba uye Mabhenefiti Akakosha Ehupfumi
Musika wemarobhoti ekugadzira welding pasi rose uri kuramba uchikura. Kubva muna 2016 kusvika 2024, huwandu hwekutengesa hwakawedzera kubva pa64,200 units kusvika pa102,000 units, nekukura kwegore negore kunofungidzirwa kusvika 6% ne8% muna 2025 na2026 zvichiteerana. Marobhoti ekugadzira welding ane hungwaru anopa kushanda zvakanaka kwemari, nekumhanya kwewelding kwe50–160 cm/min kupfuura kumhanya kwewelding kwemaoko kwe40–60 cm/min. Anounza purofiti yakakwira pakudyara (ROI) mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana ekutsiva: mumamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa (kutsiva welder imwe), mari inogona kuwanikwa mukati memakore mana, nekuchengetedza mari inosvika mamiriyoni gumi nehafu eyuan mumakore gumi; mumamiriro ezvinhu akanakisa (kutsiva welder 2.5), mari inogona kudzoserwa mugore rekutanga, nekuchengetedza mari inosvika mamiriyoni makumi maviri nenomwe eyuan mumakore gumi. Uyezve, marobhoti aya anogona kushanda maawa makumi maviri nemana pazuva kuti avandudze kushanda zvakanaka.
(3) Kudiwa Kwekukurumidza Kwezviitiko Zvisiri Zvenguva Dzose: Kupinda Kwakakurumidzirwa Muzvikamu zveSimbi neKuvaka Zvikepe
- Indasitiri yeSimbi: Muna 2023, huwandu hwenyika hwekugadzirisa simbi hwakasvika matani mamiriyoni zana negumi nemaviri, kuwedzera kwegore negore kwe10.5%. Zvisinei, indasitiri iyi ine dambudziko rekushaya otomatiki uye kuvimba zvakanyanya nebasa remaoko. Sekufungidzirwa, 60% yekugadzirisa simbi inoda mhinduro dzehuni dzakangwara. Kana kubuda kwayo kuchitarisirwa kusvika matani mamiriyoni zana nemakumi matatu nemashanu muna 2025, ichaita kuti pave nekudiwa kwemidziyo inosvika zviuru gumi nezviviri nemazana maviri, zvichikonzera kudiwa kwemusika kupfuura mabhiriyoni matatu eyuan.
- Indasitiri yekuvaka ngarava: Muna 2024, China yakatora nzvimbo yekutanga pasi rose muzviratidzo zvitatu zvikuru: huwandu hwekupedzisa ngarava, kutora maodha matsva, uye kusarira kwemaodha, zvichireva zvinopfuura 50% yehuwandu hwepasi rose muchikamu chimwe nechimwe. Kunyange zvakadaro, indasitiri iyi inosangana nematambudziko akadai sekugadzirisa ngarava zvakaoma uye kugadzirisa ngarava zvishoma, izvonzira dzechinyakare dzekunamiraDambudziko rekugadzirisa dambudziko iri. Muna 2024, kwaive nevanenge 187,800 vane magwaro ekuwedera muChina. Zvichienderana nehuwandu hwekupinda ne15%, kudiwa kwemarobhoti ekugadzira welding akangwara kunosvika 18,800 units, zvichienderana nehukuru hwemusika hwe5.634 bhiriyoni yuan. Kana huwandu hwekupinda hukakwira kusvika 30%, chiyero chemusika chichapfuura 10 bhiriyoni yuan.
III. Maumbirwo eCheni yeMaindasitiri eMarobhoti Anonamira Akangwara
Cheni yeindasitiri inosanganisira zvinhu zvinogadzirwa kumusoro, kubatanidzwa kwemasisitimu epakati, uye kushandiswa kweindasitiri iri pasi, kubatanidza matekinoroji kubva munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzakadai semarobhoti, huchenjeri hwekugadzira, uye kuona kwemuchina. Pakati peizvi, muviri mukuru wemarobhoti uye sisitimu yekuona/laser pamwe chete zvinopa mari inopfuura 60% yemari yese.
Chikamu chepamusoro chinopa zvinhu zvakakosha zvinosanganisira marobhoti makuru, masisitimu ekudzora akangwara, uye masisitimu ekutevera misungo yeweld, izvo zvinosarudza kugadzikana kwekushanda kwemidziyo. Vagadziri vemagetsi ekubatanidza weld emuno vakatora chinzvimbo chepamusoro, nepo mabhizinesi emuno muzvikamu zve3D vision uye software yepurogiramu isina kubhuroka ari kuputsa monopoly yemari yekunze. Midstream integrators vanobatanidza michina kuti vagadzire mhinduro dzakanangana nemamiriro ezvinhu, vachizadzisa zvinodiwa zveworkstation uye zvigadzirwa zvemaindasitiri akadai sechimiro chesimbi nekuvaka ngarava. Vagadziri vemuno vanotarisa pakuronga nzira dzakangwara kuti vashandise kugadzirwa kusiri kwemazinga. Chikamu chepasi chinoona mashandisirwo echinyakare akanyanya kuzara muchimiro chesimbi nekuvaka ngarava, uye zvishoma nezvishoma chiri kupinda munzvimbo dzepamusoro dzakadai semotokari, simba idzva, uye ndege, zvichibuda semidziyo mikuru yemakambani ekuvandudza kushanda zvakanaka uye kuderedza njodzi.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-23-2025
