Senzira yekutakura zvimwe zvikamu zvemota, tekinoroji yekugadzira muviri wemota ndiyo inosarudza zvakananga mhando yekugadzirwa kwemota. Mukugadzirwa kwemuviri wemota, kusanganisa ibasa guru rekugadzira. Matekinoroji ekubatanidza anoshandiswa pari zvino pakusanganisa midziyo yemota anosanganisira kusanganisa resistance spot welding, kusanganisa gasi rakanyungudutswa rakanyungudutswa rakanyungudutswa rakanyungudutswa (MIG welding) uye kusanganisa gasi rakanyungudutswa rakanyungudutswa rakanyungudutswa rakanyungudutswa (MAG welding) pamwe nekusanganisa nelaser welding.
Se tekinoroji yepamusoro yekubatanidza simbi nemagetsi, tekinoroji yekubatanidza simbi nelaser ine zvakanakira zvekuwanda kwesimba, kukurumidza kubatanidza simbi, kushushikana uye kushanduka kwesimbi zvishoma, uye kuchinjika kwakanaka zvichienzaniswa netekinoroji yekubatanidza simbi nemuviri wemota.
Maumbirwo emuviri wemota akaomarara, uye nhengo dzemuviri dzine madziro matete uye akakombama. Kubatanidza muviri wega kunosangana nematambudziko ekusanganisa zvinhu zvakaita sekusiyana kwezvinhu zvemuviri, ukobvu hwakasiyana hwenhengo dzemuviri, nzira dzakasiyana dzekusanganisa uye majoini. Pamusoro pezvo, kusanganisa muviri wemota kune zvinodiwa zvakanyanya pamhando yekusanganisa uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekubatanidza.
Zvichibva pamatanho akakodzera ekugadzirisa welding, laser welding inogona kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvikamu zvemuviri zvemota zvine simba rakawanda uye kusimba kwakasimba pakupinza, nokudaro ichivimbisa kunaka uye hupenyu hwebasa rekupinza muviri. Tekinoroji ye laser welding inogona kuchinjika kune welding yezvikamu zvemuviri zvemota zvine maumbirwo akasiyana, ukobvu hwakasiyana uye mhando dzakasiyana dzezvinhu, zvichizadzisa kudiwa kwekushanduka-shanduka mukugadzira muviri wemota. Naizvozvo, tekinoroji ye laser welding inzira yakakosha yehunyanzvi yekuwana budiriro yepamusoro yeindasitiri yemotokari.
Maitiro ekugadzira welding yeLaser yemotokari
Nheyo yemaitiro e laser deep fusion welding: Kana huwandu hwesimba re laser hwasvika padanho rakati, pamusoro pechinhu chinopwanyika, zvichiita kuti pave neburi rekiyi. Kana kumanikidzwa kwesimbi mukati megomba kwasvika pakuenzana kwakasimba nekumanikidzwa kwakasimba uye kumanikidzwa kwepamusoro kwemvura yakakomberedza, laser inogona kupenya nepaburi rekiyi kusvika pasi pegomba, uye nekufamba kwedanda re laser, weld inoenderera mberi inoumbwa. Mumaitiro e laser deep fusion welding, hapana chikonzero chekuwedzera assistant flux kana filler kuti uunganidze zvinhu zveworkpiece yacho kuita chimwe.
Musono we weld unowanikwa ne laser deep fusion welding unowanzova wakatwasuka uye wakatwasuka une deformation diki, izvo zvinobatsira kuvandudza kugadzirwa kwe auto body. Simba rekudhonza re weld rakakwirira, izvo zvinoita kuti auto body ishande zvakanaka. Kumhanya kwe welding kunokurumidza, izvo zvinobatsira kuvandudza kugadzirwa kwe welding.
Mukugadzirisa auto body welding, kushandiswa kwe laser deep fusion welding process kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya huwandu hwezvikamu, mamolds uye maturusi ewelding, nokudaro zvichideredza huremu hwemuviri nemitengo yekugadzira. Zvisinei, laser deep fusion welding process hainyanyi kutsungirira assembly gap yezvikamu zvinoda welded, uye assembly gap inofanira kudzorwa pakati pe0.05 ne2 mm. Kana assembly gap yakakura zvakanyanya, zvikanganiso zve welding zvakaita se porosity zvichaitika.
Ongororo yazvino inoratidza kuti mukushongedza muviri wemotokari nezvinhu zvakafanana, nekuvandudza maparamita ekushanda kwe laser deep-fusion welding, zvinokwanisika kuwana weld ine kugadzirwa kwakanaka kwepamusoro, zvikanganiso zvishoma zvemukati uye hunhu hwakanaka hwemakanika. Hunhu hwakanaka hwemakanika hwe weld hunogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekushandisa kwezvikamu zve auto body weld. Zvisinei, mukushongedza muviri wemotokari, aluminium alloy-steel semumiriri we heterogeneous metal laser deep fusion welding process haisi yakakura, kunyangwe nekuwedzera transition layer kunogona kuwana kushanda kwakanaka kwe weld, asi zvinhu zvakasiyana zve transition layer pa IMC layer influence mechanism uye mhedzisiro yazvo pa micro structure ye weld mechanism hazvina kujeka, zvinoda kudzidza zvakadzama.
Maitiro Ekuzadza Welding yeMoto weLaser Wire
Maitiro ekubatanidza ne laser filler anobva pane zvinotevera: Jointi yakasungirirwa inoumbwa nekuzadza weld newaya chaiyo kana nekuisa waya panguva imwe chete panguva yekubatanidza ne laser. Izvi zvakafanana nekuisa waya yakawanda yakafanana mudziva re weld panguva yekubatanidza ne laser deep fusion. Dhayagiramu iri pazasi inoratidza maitiro ekubatanidza ne laser filler.
Kana tichienzanisa ne laser deep fusion welding, laser filler welding ine mabhenefiti maviri mu auto body welding: chekutanga, inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kushivirira kwe assembly gap pakati pe auto body parts dzinofanira kusungirirwa uye kugadzirisa dambudziko re high bevel gap inodiwa ye laser deep fusion welding; chechipiri, inogona kuvandudza kugoverwa kwetishu munzvimbo ye weld nekushandisa waya dzine composition content yakasiyana, uye yozodzora mashandiro e weld.
Mukugadzirwa kwemuviri wemotokari, nzira yekuisa laser filler inonyanya kushandiswa kusanganisa zvikamu zvemuviri zvealuminium alloy nesimbi. Kunyanya mukuita kwekuisa aluminium alloy zvikamu zvemuviri wemotokari, kusimba kwemvura yedziva rakanyungudutswa kudiki, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kuputsika kwedziva rakanyungudutswa, nepo nzira yekuisa laser filler ichigona kugadzirisa zviri nani dambudziko rekuputsika kwedziva rakanyungudutswa kuburikidza nekunyunguduka kwewaya mukuita kwekuisa laser.
Maitiro ekushongedza muviri wemotokari ne laser
Maitiro ekushandisa laser brazing akavakirwa papfungwa inotevera: Uchishandisa laser senzvimbo yekupisa, laser beam inonangidzirwa uye inopiswa pamusoro pewaya, waya inonyunguduka, waya yakanyunguduka inodonhera pasi yozadza workpiece inofanira kusungirirwa, uye mhedzisiro yesimbi yakadai sekunyunguduka nekupararira inoitika pakati pezvinhu zvebrazing neworkpiece, nokudaro ichibatanidza workpiece. Kusiyana ne laser filler welding process, laser brazing process inonyungudutsa waya chete kwete workpiece inofanira kusungirirwa. Laser brazing ine kugadzikana kwakanaka kwewelding, asi simba rekusimba kweweld inobuda rakaderera. Mufananidzo 3 unoratidza kushandiswa kwe laser brazing process mumota yemota yekutakura mitoro.
Mukuita kwe auto body welding, laser brazing process inonyanya kushandiswa kusanganisa nhengo dzemuviri dzisingade simba rakawanda rekubatana, senge welding pakati pechifukidziro chepamusoro nemativi akapoteredza, welding pakati pechikamu chepamusoro nechepazasi chechifukidziro chemidziyo yekutakura, nezvimwewo. Chifukidziro chepamusoro cheVW, Audi nedzimwe mhando dzepakati nedzepamusoro dzese dzinoshandisa laser brazing process.
Zvikanganiso zvikuru mumajoini emotokari ane laser brazed zvinosanganisira edge gnawing, porosity, weld deformation, nezvimwewo, uye zvikanganiso zvinogona kudziviswa zvakanyanya nekudzora ma process parameters uye kushandisa multi-focus laser brazing process.
Maitiro ekubatanidza welding yemuviri wemotokari ne laser-arc
Nheyo yekushandiswa kwe laser-arc composite welding ndeiyi inotevera: manyuko maviri ekupisa, laser ne arc, anoshandiswa kushanda panguva imwe chete pamusoro pe workpiece inofanira kusungirirwa, uye workpiece inonyungudutswa yosimbiswa kuti iite weld seam. Dhayagiramu iri pazasi inoratidza maitiro e laser-arc welding.
Kubatanidza laser-arc composite welding kunobatanidza zvakanakira zve laser welding uye arc welding: chekutanga, pasi pekushanda kwezvinhu zviviri zvinopisa, kumhanya kwewelding kunogona kuwedzerwa, kupisa kunopinda kunova kudiki, kushanduka kweweld kudiki, zvichichengetedza hunhu hwe laser welding; chechipiri, kugona kuri nani kwekubatanidza, kushivirira kwegap remusangano kwakakura; chechitatu, kumhanya kwekusimbisa kwedziva rakanyungudutswa kunova kunonoka, izvo zvinobatsira kubvisa maburi, maburi nezvimwe zvikanganiso zve welding, kunatsiridza kurongeka uye mashandiro enzvimbo inokanganiswa nekupisa. Chechina, nekuda kwe arc, inokwanisa kusanganisa zvinhu zvine reflectivity yakakwira uye high thermal conductivity, nezvinhu zvakawanda zvinoshandiswa.
Mukugadzirwa kwemuviri wemotokari, nzira yekubatanidza laser-arc composite inonyanya kushandiswa pakusanganisa zvikamu zvealuminium alloy mumuviri uye simbi dzakasiyana dzealuminium alloy-steel, kuitira kuti pave nepakati pezvikamu zvikuru zvekusanganisa, zvakaita sechikamu chemusuwo wemotokari panzvimbo yekusanganisa, izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti muganhu wekusanganisa unobatsira kuti laser-arc composite welding ishande zvakanaka. Pamusoro pezvo, tekinoroji yekubatanidza laser-MIG arc composite inoshandiswawo panzvimbo yedenga repadivi remuviri weAudi.
Mukuita kwe auto body welding, laser-arc composite welding ine mukana wekutsungirira kukuru kwegap kana tichienzanisa ne single laser welding, zvisinei, laser-arc composite welding inoda kutariswa kwakazara kwenzvimbo ye laser ne arc, laser welding parameters, arc parameters nezvimwe zvinhu. Maitiro ekupisa uye kutapurirana kwehuwandu hwe laser-arc welding akaomarara, kunyanya kutonga kwesimba kwe heterogeneous material welding uye mashandiro e IMC thickness uye tissue regulation haasati ajeka uye anoda kusimbiswa kwetsvakurudzo.
Mamwe maitiro ekugadzira laser yemuviri wemotokari
Kubatanidza neLaser deep fusion, kusanganisa neLaser filler, kusanganisa neLaser brazing uye kusanganisa neLaser-arc composite uye mamwe maitiro ekubatanidza ane dzidziso yakakura uye akasiyana-siyana ekushandisa. Sezvo zvinodiwa neindasitiri yemotokari zvekushanda zvakanaka kwekubatanidza muviri zvichiwedzera uye kudiwa kwekubatanidza zvinhu zvakasiyana mukugadzira zvinhu zvidiki kuri kuwedzera, kusanganisa neLaser spot, kusanganisa neLaser oscillation, kusanganisa neLaser beam yakawanda uye kusanganisa neLaser flight kwave kuchiwedzera kutariswa.
Maitiro ekushongedza nzvimbo nelaser
Kupinza mapoinzi neLaser inyanzvi yepamusoro yekuisa mapoinzi neLaser ine mabhenefiti makuru ekukurumidzira kupinza mapoinzi uye kunyatsopinza mapoinzi. Nheyo huru yekupinza mapoinzi neLaser ndeyekutarisa danda reLaser panzvimbo iri panofanira kusungirirwa, kuitira kuti simbi iri panzvimbo iyoyo inyunguduke ipapo ipapo, uye nekugadzirisa density yeLaser kuti iwane thermal conduction welding kana deep fusion welding effect, kana danda reLaser rikarega kushanda, simbi inoyerera, inosimba uye inoumba jointi.
Kune nzira mbiri huru dzekubatanidza mapoinzi nelaser: pulsed laser spot welding uye continuous laser spot welding. Beam relaser mu pulsed laser spot welding rine simba guru, asi nguva yekushanda ipfupi, uye rinowanzo shandiswa pakusanganisa simbi dzakareruka dzakadai semagnesium alloys nealuminium alloys. Mukubatanidza mapoinzi nelaser, beam relaser rine simba repakati nepakati uye nguva yakareba yekushanda nelaser, uye rinonyanya kushandiswa pakusanganisa simbi.
Mukushongedza muviri wega wega, zvichienzaniswa nekushongedza nzvimbo yekudzivirira, kuchenesa nzvimbo ye laser kune zvakanakira nzira yekushongedza nzvimbo isingabatanidzi uye yakagadzirwa yega, iyo inogona kugutsa kudiwa kwekushongedza kwemhando yepamusoro pasi pemipata yakasiyana-siyana yezvinhu zvemuviri wega wega.
Maitiro ekushongedza ne laser oscillation
Kubatanidza laser oscillation welding tekinoroji itsva ye laser welding yakakurudzirwa mumakore achangopfuura uye yakagamuchirwa nevanhu vakawanda. Chinangwa che tekinoroji iyi ndechekuita kuti laser beam imhanye nekukurumidza, yakarongeka uye diki nekubatanidza girazi rinotenderera mumusoro we laser welding, nokudaro zvichiita kuti pave nemhedzisiro yekukurunga beam uku uchienderera mberi panguva ye laser welding.
Nzira huru dzekufamba-famba mukuita kwe laser oscillation welding dzinosanganisira: transverse oscillation, longitudinal oscillation, denderedzwa oscillation uye infinite oscillation. Maitiro e laser oscillation welding ane mabhenefiti makuru mu auto body welding, sezvo mamiriro ekuyerera kwedziva rakanyunguduka achichinja zvakanyanya nekumhanya kwe laser beam, saka maitiro aya anogona kubvisa zvikanganiso zvisina kusanganiswa, kuita kuti grain inatsiridzwe uye kudzvinyirira porosity mu welding yezvinhu zvakafanana zve auto body, uye kugadzirisa matambudziko ekusakwana kwekusanganiswa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana uye hunhu husina kunaka hwe weld seam mu welding yezvinhu zvakasiyana zve auto body.
Maitiro ekushongedza danda remagetsi akawanda
Parizvino, ma fiber laser anogona kushandiswa kupatsanura danda rimwe chete re laser kuita matanda akawanda e laser uchishandisa module yekuparadzanisa matanda yakaiswa mumusoro we welding. Kubatanidza matanda akawanda e laser kwakaenzana nekushandisa manyuko akawanda ekupisa mukuita kwe welding. Nekugadzirisa kugoverwa kwesimba redanda, matanda akasiyana anogona kuita mabasa akasiyana, akadai se: danda rine simba rakawanda ndiro danda guru, rinotarisira welding yakanyunguduka; danda repasi rine simba rakaderera rinogona kuchenesa nekupisa pamusoro pezvinhu uye kuwedzera kunyudzwa kwesimba re laser nezvinhu.
Maitiro ekunyudza matanda emhando dzakasiyana-siyana anogona kuvandudza maitiro ekubuda kwemvura yezinc vapor uye maitiro ekuchinja kwedziva rekunyunguduka panguva yekunyudza machira esimbi akarungwa, kugadzirisa dambudziko rekupfachukira uye kuwedzera simba rekusimba kwemusungo we weld.
Maitiro ekushongedza ndege neLaser
Tekinoroji yekuisa mwenje mudenga nelaser tekinoroji itsva yekuisa mwenje mudenga nelaser ine kushanda zvakanaka uye dhizaini yekuisa mwenje mudenga nelaser. Nheyo huru yekuisa mwenje mudenga nelaser ndeyekuti kana mwenje welaser wapinda pagirazi reX neY regirazi rinoskena, kona yegirazi inodzorwa kuburikidza nehurongwa hwekugadzira mwenje kuti mwenje welaser ubve chero pakona.
Kare, kusungirirwa kwemuviri wemotokari uchishandisa laser kunonyanya kushandiswa nerobhoti rinosungirirwa kuti rifambise musoro we laser kuti rifambise pamwe chete kuti riwane simba rekubatanidza. Zvisinei, kufamba kunodzokororwa kwerobhoti rinosungirirwa kunoderedza kushanda kwekubatanidza muviri wemotokari nekuda kwehuwandu hwakawanda hwemawelds uye kureba kwewelds. Kusiyana neizvi, kusungirirwa kwemhepo uchishandisa laser kunogona kuitwa mukati meimwe nzvimbo nekungogadzirisa kona ye reflector. Saka, tekinoroji yekubatanidza ndege uchishandisa laser inogona kuvandudza kushanda kwekubatanidza uye ine mukana wakakura wekushandisa.
Pfupiso
Nekukura kweindasitiri yemotokari, ramangwana rehunyanzvi hwekushongedza muviri richaramba richikura mune zvese maitiro ekushongedza uye tekinoroji yehungwaru.
Muviri wemotokari, kunyanya muviri wemotokari itsva ine simba, uri kukura zvichienderana nehuremu hwakareruka. Ma alloys akareruka, zvinhu zvakasanganiswa uye zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvichashandiswa zvakanyanya mumuviri wemotokari, maitiro ekugadzira ne laser akajairika akaoma kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira, saka maitiro ekugadzira ne laser emhando yepamusoro uye anoshanda achava maitiro ekuvandudza mune ramangwana.
Mumakore achangopfuura, maitiro ekugadzira welding nelaser, akadai sekugadzira welding nelaser swing, kugadzira welding nelaser flight, nezvimwewo, ave ari mumhando yewelding uye kushanda zvakanaka kwewelding kubva pakutsvagurudza kwekutanga kwedzidziso uye kuongorora maitiro. Remangwana rinofanira kunge riri maitiro ekugadzira welding nelaser welding uye zvinhu zviri nyore zve auto body, kugadzira welding nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana nezvimwe zviitiko zvakabatana zvakanyanya, dhizaini yekufamba kwelaser beam swing, maitiro ekuita simba nekugadzira welding neflight welding pamwe nezvimwe zvinhu zvekutsvagurudza zvakadzama kuti tiongorore maitiro ekugadzira welding neauto body welding akakura.
Tekinoroji yekuisa laser mumuviri wega yega iri kubatanidzwa zvakanyanya netekinoroji yehungwaru, kuona mamiriro ekuisa laser mumuviri wega wega panguva chaiyo uye kudzora mhinduro dzema process parameter zvine basa guru mumhando yekuisa welding. Tekinoroji yekuisa laser yakangwara iripo ikozvino inonyanya kushandiswa pakuronga nzira yekuisa welding nekutevera uye kuongorora hunhu hwekuisa welding mushure mekuisa welding. Tsvagiridzo yemuno neyekunze mukuona zvikanganiso zvekuisa welding uye kugadzirisa parameters zvichiri kutanga, uye tekinoroji yekuisa laser process parameters adaptive control haisati yashandiswa mukugadzira mota.
Saka, kuti tishandise tekinoroji ye laser welding mu auto body welding process hunhu, ramangwana rinofanira kugadzirwa ne advanced multi-sensor core laser welding intelligent sensing system uye high-speed high-precision welding robot control system kuti tive nechokwadi chekuti laser welding intelligent tekinoroji iri munguva chaiyo uye yakarurama ye link yega yega, kuburikidza ne "pre-welding trajectory planning - welding parameters adaptive control post-welding quality online Inspection" link, kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti high-quality uye efficiency processing.
Kambani yeMaven laser automation yave ichinyanya kutarisa indasitiri yelaser kwemakore gumi nemana, isu tine hunyanzvi mu laser welding, tine robotic arm laser welding machine, Table Automatic Laser Welding machine, Handheld Laser welding machine, pamusoro pezvo, tinewo laser welding machine, laser cutting machine uye laser marking engraving machine, tine akawanda ma laser welding solution cases, kana uchifarira unogona kugara uchitibata.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-09-2022
