Mashandisirwo eMichina yeKuisa Zviratidzo zveLaseruye Michina Yekushongedza muIndasitiri Yezvishongo
Muna 2019, huwandu hwezvinhu zvezvishongo zvakatengeswa muChina hwakasvika pariyoni imwe chete yeyuan (nhamba dzepamutemo dzakaratidza kuti inosvika mabhiriyoni mazana matanhatu nemakumi mashanu eyuan). Avhareji yehuwandu hwezvinhu zvezvishongo zvaive nemunhu yakawedzera kubva pachinhu chimwe chete makore gumi apfuura kusvika pazvishanu, vamwe vanhu vaine zvakawanda. Izvi zvinoratidza zvizere kukura kwehupfumi nekukurumidza uye kuda kuri kuita vatengi zvishongo.
I. Mamiriro Azvino eMusika weKutengesa Zvishongo
Kubva mugore ra2003, indasitiri yezvishongo muChina yakasangana nemakore gumi ekukura nekukurumidza kusvika pakudzikira muna 2013. Munenge mugore ra2003, nzvimbo yekutenga yedunhu kana nzvimbo yekutenga yaingova nezvitoro zvezvishongo zvishomanana, uye mutengo wegoridhe waingopfuura 100 yuan pagiramu. Pakazosvika gore ra2013, nzvimbo yega yega yedunhu kana nzvimbo yekutenga yaive nezvitoro zvezvishongo makumi maviri, uye pakasvika gore ra2019, nhamba iyi yakanga yakwira kusvika pa30. Kushandiswa kwezvishongo kwave chinhu chinodiwa zuva nezuva, icho chiri humbowo hwekukura kwehupfumi nekukurumidza.
Muna 2020, denda reCOVID-19 rakatanga, zvikaita kuti makambani mazhinji ezvishongo nezvitoro zvivharwe. Vakatangazve kushanda zvishoma nezvishoma muna Kubvumbi. Izvi zvaireva kuti kwemwedzi inoda kusvika mina, mabhizinesi aya akabhadhara mari dzakadai serendi, mabhiri emagetsi, uye mubereko webhangi pasina kuwana purofiti. Zvisinei, dambudziko guru raive rekuti vanhu vakawanda vakasangana nemwedzi mina kusvika mitanhatu yekushaikwa kwemabasa kana kuderedzwa kwemari. Zvaizotora mimwe mwedzi mitanhatu kuti simba rekushandisa kwevatengi ridzoke zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika padanho ra2019.
Munguva pfupi yapfuura pandakaenda kuzvitoro zvepamberi, ndakaona kuti kunze kwekutenga goridhe, mari inoshandiswa nevatengi pakutenga zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvezvishongo yaive shoma. Kunyangwe kutengesa goridhe kwaisanganisira kutengeserana nezvinhu zvitsva. Varidzi vezvitoro zvezvishongo vazhinji vakaedza nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutengesa—kusanganisira kuratidzwa kweDouyin livestreaming, kutengeswa kweTaobao, kusvika kumaruwa, kutengesa mumigwagwa, uye kudzikiswa kwemitengo—asi hapana akawana mhedzisiro yaaida. Kusiyana neizvi, mabasa ekugadzirisa zvishongo akaratidza kukura kukuru, achipa mukana mutsva webhizinesi uye muenzaniso webasa kuindasitiri.
Sezvinhu zvinokosheswa nevatengi, munhu wese anotarisira kuti zvishongo zvavo zvirambe zvakakwana. Zvisinei, kukuvara netsaona kunowanzoitika panguva yekusakara, senge cheni dzakatyoka, mapendekete akaparadzana, kana matombo anokosha akarasika. Chinhu chaimbova chakakwana chinova chisina kunaka, zvichikonzera kushungurudzika kukuru. Parizvino, havasi vese zvitoro zvezvishongo zvinopa mabasa ekugadzirisa mukati meimba. Mari yekugadzirisa inowanzo kutanga pa30-50 yuan pachinhu chimwe nechimwe, nemari yekuwedzera yekutsiva matombo anokosha akarasika. Kana mabasa ekugadzirisa emunharaunda asipo, vatengi vanofanirwa kubhadhara mari inosvika 60 yuan kusanganisira mari yekutumira, uye nguva yekugadzirisa inogona kutora nguva yakareba. Izvi zvinokonzeresa kusagutsikana kwevatengi panguva yekutengesa.
Nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, michina yekugadzirisa zvishongo yachinja zvakanyanya—kubva pakugadzirisa nemaoko kuenda kumabasa e semi-mechanical, uye ikozvino kuenda kumhinduro dzetekinoroji yepamusoro. Kubuda kwemichina yekuisa chiratidzo nelaser uye michina yekubatanidza kwachinja zvakanyanya.kugadzirisa zvishongo,kudzoreredza zvidimbu zvakakuvara pamamiriro azvo epakutanga ukuwo zvichigonesa kuwedzerwa kwezviratidzo zvetsika zvakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvezvishongo.
Pamusoro pezvo, kunyange hazvo zvitoro zvezvishongo zvakashandisa maturusi akawanda ekushambadzira, zvakawanda zvakashandisa nzira dzechinyakare, zvichiita kuti zvisashande zvakanaka. Izvi zvinowanzokonzerwa nekusashandiswa zvakanaka kwevaridzi vezvitoro mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana. Michina yekuisa chiratidzo nelaser iri kubuda sechishandiso chine simba chekusimudzira budiriro muchikamu chezvishongo.
II. Mashandisirwo eMichina yeLaser Marking muJewelry
Michina yekuisa chiratidzo chelaser yezvishongo zvigadzirwa zvetekinoroji zvemhando yepamusoro zvakabuda mumakore achangopfuura. Inotarisa zvakananga zvinodiwa zvekudhinda malogo emhando uye zvinyorwa zvakagadzirwa pazvishongo. Yakashongedzerwa nemasisitimu e-laser anoshanda zvakanyanya uye software yehunyanzvi yekushandisa, michina iyi inogona kunyora nemazvo magwaro nemagadzirirwo pamusoro pezvishongo zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira simbi dzinokosha nematombo anokosha. Kunyanya muzvitoro, tekinoroji iyi inogonesa zvitoro kupa mabasa akagadzirirwa ivo pachavo akadai sekushongedza zvishuwo zvekuzvarwa kana maropafadzo emuchato, zvichigadzira kukosha kwenguva refu kwemanzwiro kunosimudzira hukama hwemanzwiro evatengi uye zvinobudirira kusimudzira kutengeswa kwezvishongo.
Munguva yekubvunzurudzwa naVaWang, Mutungamiriri weKushambadzira weTianzheng Technology, vakataura kuti kuisa chiratidzo nelaser hakungogumiri pakuburitsa mifananidzo yakajeka uye inogara kwenguva refu pasina kukuvadza chigadzirwa asiwo kunopa kushanda kwakanaka uye kushanduka-shanduka. Inogona kushandiswa mumamiriro akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira mishandirapamwe yekushambadzira uye zvipo zvakagadzirirwa iwe.
Ongororo yemusika yakaratidza kuti vamwe varidzi vezvitoro zvezvishongo vakatanga mabasa ekuwedzera kukosha kune vatengi vemichato nekunyora mameseji akagadzirirwa ivo pachavo akadai sekuti “May [Couple's Names] Grow Old Together” pazvinhu zvine chekuita nemichato zvakaita semabhodhoro edoro, magaba ezvinwiwa, uye mapaketi efodya. Izvi zvigadzirwa zvakagadzirwa nevanhu zvinowedzera runako kunzvimbo dzemichato uye zvinopa makomborero anobva pamwoyo, zvichiita kuti dzive dzakakurumbira pakati pevakaroorana.
III. Mashandisirwo eMichina yeLaser Welding muJewelry
Kwenguva yakareba, indasitiri yezvishongo yainyanya kushandisa argon arc welding pakugadzirisa. Zvisinei, nzira iyi inowanzoita kuti pave nenzvimbo dzakakura dzeweld dzinosiya nzvimbo dzisina kuenzana. Zvitoro zvakawanda zvaimanikidzwa kutumira zvinhu kuShenzhen kuti zvigadziriswe nehunyanzvi, nenguva dzekugadzirisa dzinotangira pamazuva makumi maviri kusvika kumwedzi miviri. Nguva refu idzi dzekumirira dzaiwanzokonzera kusawirirana kwevatengi, zvichisiya varidzi vezvitoro vachishungurudzika nekuda kwekushaya kwavo kugona kugadzirisa mukati meimba.
Munguva yekukurukurirana naVaXing, Mutungamiriri weTechnical weTianzheng Technology, vakasimbisa kuti michina yekucheka nelaser ine mabhenefiti makuru: iri nyore kudzidza, inogonesa kugadzirisa nekukurumidza, uye inogadzira welds dzakapfava, dzisina musono dzinogadzirisa zvinobudirira matambudziko mazhinji ane chekuita nenzira dzechinyakare dzekucheka. Kambani iyi inopa rutsigiro rwakakwana rwekudzidzisa—kusanganisira kudzidzisa panzvimbo iyoyo nemavhidhiyo ekudzidzisa—vachivimbisa kuti vatengi vanogona kugona kushanda mukati memangwanani rimwe chete.
Muhurukuro nevatengi vezvitoro zvezvishongo, vazhinji vakaratidza kusagutsikana nezvishongo zvisina kunaka uye zvisina kuenzana pamitsipa yemutsipa, izvo zvakaita kuti vazeze kupfeka zvishongo zvavaimbofarira pasinei nekusada kuzvirasa. VaXing vakatsanangura kuti michina yeTianzheng yekuisa zvishongo nelaser inobatanidza mainjiniya ekuGermany netekinoroji yepamusoro yelaser yemuno. Iine mavara madiki elaser, mashandiro ari nyore kushandisa, uye kugadziriswa kwepasi pasina kukuvara, michina iyi haidi zvinodyiwa uye inobvisa njodzi dzehutano dzinokonzerwa nezvinhu zvinokuvadza zvekuisa zvishongo zvinoshandiswa munzira dzechinyakare dzekugadzirisa.
IV. Mafambiro Ekusimudzira Zvitoro Zvezvishongo
Munguva ino iri kukurumidza, mabhizinesi ari panjodzi yekudzokera kumashure asingagare achichinja-chinja. Kunyange hazvo mhando yezvigadzirwa nedhizaini zvichiri kukosha, mhando yebasa inova chinhu chakakosha chinosiyanisa zvigadzirwa—kunyanya pakati pekuwanda kwekugadzirwa kwezvinhu. Tichitarisa mberi, zvitoro zvezvishongo zvinotarisirwa kushanduka kuita mamodheru akafanana nezvitoro zvemotokari zve4S, zvichipa kwete chete kutengesa zvigadzirwa asiwo mabasa ekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa zvakakwana. Aya masevhisi ekutengesa mushure mekutengesa agadzirira kuva injini itsva yekuwedzera purofiti kune vatengesi vezvishongo.
Sezvo tekinoroji ichiramba ichifambira mberi uye nzanga ichifambira mberi, tinogona kutarisira zvigadzirwa zvitsva zvetekinoroji yepamusoro zvichawedzera runako nekushanda kwezvishongo, zvichivandudza hupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-30-2025
